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Experiment on aluminum alloy members under axial compression

Xiaonong GUO,Shuiping LIANG,Zuyan SHEN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第1期页码 48-64 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0271-9

摘要： To improve the design methods of Chinese aluminum alloy members, experiment of 63 profiled aluminum alloy members, made of Chinese aluminum alloy 6061-T6, under axial compression is conducted in this paper. Valuable experimental data are obtained. At the same time, in order to obtain the relevant data, a large number of other experimental data from published papers and technical reports are collected and sorted out. 167 valid experimental data points are obtained finally. Furthermore, for the purpose of creating column curves, the aluminum alloy members under the axial compression, used in experiments, are analyzed by means of FEM. Based on the numerical results, 2 column curves are created by means of the numerical fitting method. The column curves are compared with the calculated data according to the experimental results for verification, and also are verified with the curves in design codes of several relevant countries. The numerical results show that the column curves obtained in this paper are valid and reliable.

关键词： aluminum alloy column curve compression members overall stability coefficient

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土坡稳定分析应力状态新方法的过程解析

王国体,王婉娣

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第1期页码 52-55

摘要：

依据土体应力状态、计算边坡稳定安全系数的思想，结合对土体根本性质的认识，对基本假定、公式推导过程和工程应用进行了详细的说明。由于土坡稳定安全系数的计算公式在理论分析依据是严密的，推证得到的计算公式是正确的，所以在工程实用是可靠的。文章为该方法的工程应用和深入开展相关的研究奠定坚实的基础。

关键词：土坡稳定分析方法应力状态稳定安全系数

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以土体应力状态计算边坡安全系数的方法

王国体

《中国工程科学》 2006年第8卷第12期页码 80-84

摘要：

土坡的稳定分析一直是沿着条分法的思路发展的。由于对土体应力状态条件的忽视和条分法本身的缺陷，使得条分法得到的安全系数在工程中的应用面临激烈的挑战。土体不同条件下的应力状态表现为K₀效应和变化，它对坡体的安全度影响不可忽视。笔者以考虑土体应力状态为条件，应用土的库伦强度定律和摩尔-库伦准则，推导出平面土坡的安全系数计算公式，与条分法的安全系数对比结果说明这种方法具有概念明确、计算简便、定性可靠的重要特点，可以直接提供于工程应用和参考。

关键词：侧应力系数K₀ 初始应力状态稳定安全系数公式

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Recent advances of hydrogen production through particulate semiconductor photocatalytic overall water

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第1期页码 49-63 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0817-9

摘要： Solar energy-driven photocatalytic water splitting has been investigated for decades to produce clean and renewable green hydrogen. In this paper, the cutting-edge research within the overall water splitting system is summarized from the one-step photocatalytic overall water splitting (POWS) system to the two-step system and the cocatalysts research in this field. In addition, the photocatalytic reaction engineering study is also reviewed which is crucial for future scale-up. This mini-review provides a picture of survey of recent progress of relevant overall water splitting system, with particular attention paid to material system and mechanistic breakthroughs, and highlights the challenge and opportunity of the current system.

关键词： photocatalysis overall water splitting hydrogen

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Facile route to achieve MoSe-NiSe on nickel foam as efficient dual functional electrocatalysts for overall

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第3期页码 483-491 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0813-0

摘要： Since the catalytic activity of present nickel-based synthetic selenide is still to be improved, MoSe₂-Ni₃Se₂ was synthesized on nickel foam (NF) (MoSe₂-Ni₃Se₂/NF) by introducing a molybdenum source. After the molybdenum source was introduced, the surface of the catalyst changed from a single-phase structure to a multi-phase structure. The catalyst surface with enriched active sites and the synergistic effect of MoSe₂ and Ni₃Se₂ together enhance the hydrogen evolution reactions (HER), the oxygen evolution reactions (OER), and electrocatalytic total water splitting activity of the catalyst. The overpotential of the MoSe₂-Ni₃Se₂/NF electrocatalyst is only 259 mV and 395 mV at a current density of 100 mA/cm² for HER and OER, respectively. MoSe₂-Ni₃Se₂/NF with a two-electrode system attains a current density of 10 mA/cm² at 1.60 V. In addition, the overpotential of HER and OER of MoSe₂-Ni₃Se₂/NF within 80000 s and the decomposition voltage of electrocatalytic total water decomposition hardly changed, showing an extremely strong stability. The improvement of MoSe₂-Ni₃Se₂/NF catalytic activity is attributed to the establishment of the multi-phase structure and the optimized inoculation of the multi-component and multi-interface.

关键词： three-dimensional molybdenum nanomaterials hydrogen evolution reaction oxygen evolution reaction overall water splitting

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State-of-the-art progress in overall water splitting of carbon nitride based photocatalysts

Bing LUO, Yuxin ZHAO, Dengwei JING

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第1期页码 600-620 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0737-0

摘要： Converting solar energy into hydrogen (H ) by photocatalytic water splitting is a promising approach to simultaneously address the increasing energy demand and environmental issues. Half decade has passed since the discovery of photo-induced water splitting phenomenon on TiO photoanode, while the solar to H efficiency is still around 1%, far below the least industrial requirement. Therefore, developing efficient photocatalyst with a high energy conversion efficiency is still one of the main tasks to be overcome. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C N ) is just such an emerging and potential semiconductor. Therefore, in this review, the state-of-the-art advances in g-C N based photocatalysts for overall water splitting were summarized in three sections according to the strategies used, and future challenges and new directions were discussed.

关键词： photocatalysis overall water splitting carbon nitride hydrogen

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NiFeRuO_x nanosheets on Ni foam as an electrocatalyst for efficient overall

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第11期页码 1698-1706 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2334-8

摘要： The electrocatalyst NiFeRuO_x/NF, comprised of NiFeRuO_x nanosheets grown on Ni foam, was synthesized using a hydrothermal process followed by thermal annealing. NiFeRuO_x/NF displays high electrocatalytic activity and stability for overall alkaline seawater splitting: 98 mV@ 10 mA∙cm⁻² in hydrogen evolution reaction, 318 mV@ 50 mA∙cm⁻² in oxygen evolution reaction, and a cell voltage of 1.53 V@ 10 mA∙cm⁻², as well as 20 h of durability. A solar-driven system containing such a bifunctional NiFeRuO_x/NF has an almost 100% Faradaic efficiency. The NiFeRuO_x coating around Ni foam is an anti-corrosion layer and also a critical factor for enhancement of bifunctional performances.

关键词： NiFeRuO_x nanosheets Ni foam electrocatalysis overall seawater splitting solar-driven system

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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Momentum exchange coefficient for two jet flows mixing in a tee junction

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第12期页码 2161-2161 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0143-3

摘要： RETRACTED ARTICLE: Momentum exchange coefficient for two jet flows mixing in a tee junction

关键词： tee junction Momentum exchange coefficient RETRACTED

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Experimental study of heat transfer coefficient with rectangular baffle fin of solar air heater

Foued CHABANE,Nesrine HATRAF,Noureddine MOUMMI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第2期页码 160-172 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0321-y

摘要： This paper presents an experimental analysis of a single pass solar air collector with, and without using baffle fin. The heat transfer coefficient between the absorber plate and air can be considerably increased by using artificial roughness on the bottom plate and under the absorber plate of a solar air heater duct. An experimental study has been conducted to investigate the effect of roughness and operating parameters on heat transfer. The investigation has covered the range of Reynolds number from 1259 to 2517 depending on types of the configuration of the solar collectors. Based on the experimental data, values of Nusselt number have been determined for different values of configurations and operating parameters. To determine the enhancement in heat transfer and increment in thermal efficiency, the values of Nusselt have been compared with those of smooth duct under similar flow conditions.

关键词： Nusselt number flow rate heat transfer heat transfer coefficient thermal efficiency forced convection

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煤与瓦斯突出潜在危险区（带）预测

鲜学福,许江,王宏图

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第2期页码 39-46

摘要：

煤矿的生产和实践证明，发生在矿井中的动力现象具有分区和成带的特点。文章探讨了把煤、岩和瓦斯作为一个体系，采用力学方法的划分问题。根据对煤岩复合样及含瓦斯煤样在复杂应力状态下力学性质的分析，基于对Drucker-prager理论的修正和完善，建立了它们的断裂判据，并给出了计算稳定性系数和潜在弹性应变能密度的公式，提出了按这两个指标划分煤与瓦斯突出潜在危险区（带）的基本方法。

关键词：矿井中的动力现象煤与瓦斯突出潜在危险区（带）断裂判据稳定性系数弹性应变能密度

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论编制土地利用总体规划的动力周期和特性

李伯衡

《中国工程科学》 2007年第9卷第3期页码 1-5

摘要：

编制土地利用总体规划是为全面建设小康社会提供用地保障，是国务院强化宏观调控的重要举措。为了提高土地利用总体规划的科学性和实用性，从理论上论述了推进土地利用总体规划的三大动力——粮食安全生产，经济稳定发展，生态保护、社会和谐；建议将土地利用总体规划按国民经济发展需要安排三种周期：战略规划——中长期土地规划；战役规划——五年土地规划和国家五年计划相协调；战术规划——区域土地详细规划。区域土地规划具有目的统一性、决策整体性、总量不变性、需求动态性等特征；为了建立土地利用长效机制，制止乱占耕地，建议全国人大设立枟土地利用规划法枠、枟基本农田保护法枠，用地球观测技术建立基本农田台帐，动态定位格网监管，向农民发耕地承包使用证。

关键词：土地利用总体规划建议动力周期

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A photolysis coefficient for characterizing the response of aqueous constituents to photolysis

David R. HOKANSON,Ke LI,R. Rhodes TRUSSELL

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第3期页码 428-437 doi: 10.1007/s11783-015-0780-3

摘要： UV photolysis and UV based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are gaining more and more attention for drinking water treatment. Quantum yield ( ) and molar absorption coefficient ( ) are the two critical parameters measuring the effectiveness of photolysis of a compound. The product of the two was proposed as a fundamental measure of a constituent’s amenability to transformation by photolysis. It was shown that this product, named the photolysis coefficient, , can be determined using standard bench tests and captures the properties that govern a constituent’s transformation when exposed to light. The development showed the photolysis coefficient to be equally useful for microbiological, inorganic and organic constituents. Values of calculated by the authors based on quantum yield and molar absorption coefficient data from the literature were summarized. Photolysis coefficients among microorganisms ranged from 8500 to more than 600000 and are far higher than for inorganic and organic compounds, which varied over a range of approximately 10 to 1000 and are much less sensitive to UV photolysis than the microorganisms.

关键词： UV photolysis disinfection advanced oxidation N-nitrosodimethylamine quantum yield absorption coefficient

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地基土上水工建筑物的抗滑动稳定研究(续)

周君亮

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第9期页码 22-30

摘要：

研究地基土上水工建筑物抗滑稳定中存在的问题。利用在基坑内压板抗滑动试验成果，确定地基土回弹影响后的抗滑承载能力降低数值，定量确定地基土抗滑剪应力包线和抗滑摩擦系数；提出采用地基土承受偏心荷载的最大压应力σmax预测建筑物位移、滑动和地基土蠕变滑动的设计方法；确定地基土蠕变滑动轮廓；限定地基土的最大压应力等。按拟定方法回顾计算两座已建水工建筑物，成果符合实物工况。

关键词：压板抗滑试验剪应力强度包线摩擦系数位移与滑动形式蠕变滑动设计计算方法

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Effect of heat transfer coefficient of steam turbine rotor on thermal stress field under off-design condition

Jie GUO,Danmei XIE,Hengliang ZHANG,Wei JIANG,Yan ZHOU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第1期页码 57-64 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0385-3

摘要： The precise calculation of temperature and thermal stress field of steam turbine rotor under off-design conditions is of paramount significance for safe and economic operation, in which an accurate calculation of heat transfer (HT) coefficient plays a decisive role. HT coefficient changes dramatically along with working conditions. First, a finite element analysis of rotor model, applied with ordinary rotor materials, has been conducted to investigate the temperature and thermal stress difference along with the change of HT coefficient from 20 W/(m ·°C) to 20000 W/(m ·°C). Next, the differentiation between existing empirical formulas has been analyzed from the aspect of physical significance of non-dimension parameters. Finally, a verifying case of the cold startup of a 1000MW unit has been proceeded. The result shows that the accuracy of coefficient calculation when steam parameters are low has a greater influence on that of rotor temperature and thermal stress, which means a precise empirical HT coefficient formula, like the Sarkar formula is strongly recommended. When steam parameters are high and HT coefficient is larger than 10 W/(m ·°C), there will be barely any influence on the calculation of thermal stress. This research plays a constructive role in the calculation and analysis of thermal stress.

关键词： steam turbine rotor thermal stress heat transfer coefficient empirical formula

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Solvates and polymorphs of clindamycin phosphate: Structural, thermal stability and moisture stability

Junbo Gong, Dejiang Zhang, Yuanyuan Ran, Keke Zhang, Shichao Du

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第2期页码 220-230 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1624-4

摘要： Clindamycin phosphate (CP), an antibacterial agent, has been reported to form several solid-state forms. The crystal structures of two CP solvates, a dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvate and a methanol/water solvate (solvate V), have been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The properties and transformations of these forms were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, Single-crystal X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, thermo gravimetric analysis, hot-stage microscopy, and dynamic vapor sorption. Very different hydrogen bonding networks exist among the host-host and host-solvent molecules in the two crystal structures, resulting in different moisture stabilities. The thermal stabilities of the two solvates upon heating and desolvation were also studied. When the temperature was above the boiling point of methanol, solvate V converted to a polymorphic phase after a one step desolvation process, whereas the desolvation temperature of the DMSO solvate was below the boiling point of DMSO. At the relative humidity above 43%, the DMSO solvate transformed to a hydrate at 25 °C. In contrast, solvate V did not transform at any of the humidities studied.

关键词： clindamycin phosphate solvate crystal structure thermal stability moisture stability